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STAT-Proteine
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
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STAT-Proteine (AbkΓΌrzung fΓΌr Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription) sind Transkriptionsfaktoren, die in allen Tieren vorkommen. Sie sind ΓΌber den JAK-STAT-Signalweg am Immunsystem, am Zellwachstum und der Proliferation beteiligt. Beim Menschen sind sieben STAT-Proteine bekannt. Mutationen in STAT-Genen sind fΓΌr mehrere Erbkrankheiten verantwortlich:cite-ref-1[1]
| Protein | Gen (HGNC) | UniProt | LΓ€nge (AA) | Prozess | Pathologie |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| STAT1 | STAT1 | P42224 | 750 | Antivirale Immunantwort; Typ-1- Interferon -Signal | AnfΓ€lligkeit fΓΌr Infektionen mit Viren und Mykobakterien |
| STAT2 | STAT2 | P52630 | 851 | Antivirale Immunantwort, Typ-1- Interferon -Signal | |
| STAT3 | STAT3 | P40763 | 760 | Interleukin-6 -Signal; Expression der Akute-Phase-Proteine wΓ€hrend der Immunantwort | Hyper-IgE-Syndrom (mit wiederkehrenden Staphylokokken -Infektionen) |
| STAT4 | STAT4 | Q14765 | 748 | Interleukin-12 -Signal | AnfΓ€lligkeit fΓΌr systemischen Lupus erythematodes und Rheumatoide Arthritis |
| STAT5A | STAT5A | P42229 | 794 | Prolactin -Signal | |
| STAT5B | STAT5B | P51692 | 787 | Prolactin -Signal | Laron-Syndrom Typ 2 |
| STAT6 | STAT6 | P42226 | 847 | Interleukin-4 -Signal | |
Contents
β’ Literatur
β’ Weblinks
β’ Einzelnachweise
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
Funktion im JAK-STAT-Signalweg
Die Bindung extrazellulΓ€rer Cytokine aktiviert intrazellulΓ€re Janus-Kinasen, die spezifische Tyrosinreste in den STAT-Proteinen phosphorylieren kΓΆnnen. Die STAT-Monomere kΓΆnnen daraufhin durch ihre SH2-DomΓ€ne dimerisieren. Das Dimer wird dann in den Zellkern transportiert, wo es spezifische Gentranskription initiieren kann.
Literatur
β’ S. Pellegrini, I. Dusanter-Fourt: The structure, regulation and function of the Janus kinases (JAKs) and the signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs). In: European Journal of Biochemistry Band 248, Nummer 3, September 1997, S. 615β633, PMID 9342212. (Review).
β’ T. Kisseleva, S. Bhattacharya u. a.: Signaling through the JAK/STAT pathway, recent advances and future challenges. In: Gene. Band 285, Nummer 1β2, Februar 2002, S. 1β24, PMID 12039028. (Review).
Weblinks
β’ SIB: Inhibition of host STAT1 by virus, auf: ViralZone
β’ SIB: Inhibition of host STAT2 by virus, auf: ViralZone
Einzelnachweise
cite-note-11. β UniProtKB results STAT Family. UniProt, archiviert vom Original (nicht mehr online verfΓΌgbar) am 2015; abgerufen im Jahr 2015 (englisch).